Charles Gaines 

Numbers and Trees London Series 1, Tree -3, Cannon Street by Charles Gaines installed

Numbers and Trees London Series 1, Tree -3, Cannon Street

Charles Gaines (born 1944) is an American visual artist, whose work interrogates the discourse of aesthetics, politics, and philosophy.

Gaines is widely known for converting images and text-based documents into numerical structures, musical notations, and other sign systems through rigorous translation mechanisms. In 1992, he began to replace non-descript images with critical theory frameworks, ranging from the writings of Franz Kafka and Frantz Fanon to the manifestos of the Black Panthers and the American Indian Movement.